The history of Mińsk Mazowiecki as a county administrative area begins in the 19th century. Until then, towns constituting the current Mińsk County did not belong to any uniform administrative unit of a lower branch (a so-called land or county). At the moment of incorporation of Mińsk in 1421, these lands belonged to the Czersko-warszawska county of Duchy of Marsovia. During the incorporation of Duchy of Marsovia to the Crown in 1526, they entered the Mazowieckie voivodeship. Until 1539, Mińsk belonged to Czerski county. For its part located beyond Vistula, Garwoliński county was created during the same year. It covered, among other locations: Mińsk and Jakubów, Kołbiela, Siennica, Jeruzalem, Kiczki, Kuflewo and Latowicz. Warsaw county of Warsaw Territory included Stanisławów, Pustelnik, Okuniew i Długa Kościelna; while Liwski county of Liwska Territory contained north-eastern areas of today’s Mińsk County, with Kałuszyno and Dobre.

The renaissance is the period of socio-economic growth of south-eastern Mazowsze. During this „golden age”, a network of towns appears around Mińsk (owing to the support of the duke and the wealthy part of the nobility), the majority of which will be degraded in the 19th century to the status of settlements. Today, the urban past of these towns survives in their structures, with centrally located markets. Here is the history of obtaining and losing rights by the county towns, presented in chronological order:

• 29 May 1421 Mińsk, Mieńsk, Mińsko, Mensko.
• 1423 – Latowicz gained town privileges, which is probably a confirmation of earlier incorporation (already in the 11th century Latowicz was to be a church center); Latowicz is one of the oldest towns, losing its town privileges in 1869.
• Around 1521 Kuflew became a city, losing the privileges in 1820.
• May 2, 1523 Stanisławów (Cisek) became a city, lost the privileges in 1869.
• April 10, 1526 – Siennica (Janowo) obtains town privileges, lost them in 1869.
• September 28, 1530 – Dobre, lost town privileges in 1852.
• February 2, 1532 – Kołbieł; lost town privileges in 1869.
• January 24, 1533 – Jeruzal (Żeliszew), lost town privileges in 1820.
• 1538 – Okuniew, lost town privileges in 1869.
• January 25, 1549 – Sandomierz obtained town privileges – the city absorbed by Mińsk already in the 17th century. Sandomierz Square is currently Jana Kilińskiego Plaza in Mińsk Mazowiecki.
• February 16, 1621 – Cegłów (Cebrowo), lost town privileges in 1869.
• Kałuszyn obtained town privileges in 1718.

Changes in the administrative division take place at the end of the 18th century. As a result of the Third Partition of Poland, the area of the today’s county belonged to the Austrian partition. Mińsk entered the area of the so-called West Galicia, whose border was constituted by river Bug. Lands around Mińsk became part of the newly created Wiązowa area. Roman Catholic parishes became subordinate to the Lublin bishop. In 1803, Austria established kreises in the place of counties. Mińsk became part of Siedlecki kreis, which now included the abolished Wiązowna county. This division survived until 1809 when, by virtue of the Treaty of Vienna from October 14 that year, West Galicia was incorporated into the Duchy of Warsaw. Departments were established in this area, including Siedlecki department which included, among others, lands around Mińsk. By decree of February 24 1810, communes were established, including:

Stanisławowski and Siennicki communes, which were also excluded from Siedlecki department and incorporated Warsaw department. By 1975, these areas were associated with higher level departmental authority, then voivodeship authority, government authority and, once again, voivodeship authority affiliated with Warsaw (with exception of the period of 1975-1998, when it was affiliated with Siedleckie voivodeship.

During the time of the Duchy of Warsaw, Mińsk, along with other cities: Cegłów, Jeruzal, Kałuszyn, Kołbiel, Kuflew, Latowicz and Siennica became part of Siennicki county. Stanisławowski county covered, among other locations, Stanisławów and Okuniew. After the decline of the Duchy of Warsaw, lands around Mińsk became part of the Russian partition, in which the Kingdom of Poland was established. A new administrative division was introduced; voivodeship and zones were created, within which counties constituting voting and judiciary areas were to function. Stanisławowski zone was established, consisting of Siennicki and Stanisławowski counties. This zone, the center was to be Okuniew, belonged to Mazovia voivodeship. Eventually, the partition was confirmed on January 16, 1816 by the deputy of the Kingdom of Poland, general Józef Zajączek. However, Mińsk became the administrative center of the zone. The owner of the city, count Stanisław Jezierski gave away premises for the needs of administration authorities free of charge.

In 1837 voivodeships were transformed into gubernias, and five years later, by order of the tsar from October 11, 1842, zones were transformed into counties. The biggest administrative changes took place by virtue of the order from December 19-31, 1866. It was then when, among others, the Miński county was established, the name of which was changed to Nowomiński in 1868. This county covered a part of the area of the former Stanisławowski county, i.e. the cities: Mińsk, Karczew, Siennica, Latowicz, Cegłów, Kałuszyn, Kołbiel and Stanisławów as well as communes: Chróścice, Łaziska, Jakubów, Mińsk, Ładzyń, Dębe Wielkie, Czarna, Janów, Barcząca, Mienia, Siennica, Ruda, Duchnów, Glinianka, Otwock, Starawieś, Wielgolas, Dębe Małe, Iwowe, Kuflew, Łukówiec and Wiązowna, which was attached from the Warsaw county. The remaining part of the former Stanisławowski county entered the newly created Radzymiński county. This division survived until the First World War. In the meantime, some of the aforementioned cities lost their town privileges.

During the First World War, Mińsk belonged to a part of the Kingdom of Poland, occupied by the German army. By decree of the Warsaw general from March 22, 1916, the counties of Mińsk and Radzymiński were merged into a single county of Mińsk. During the period of the Second Polish Republic, in 1921, Mińsk Mazowiecki county, belonging to Warsaw voivodeship consisted of cities: Mińsk Mazowiecki and Kałuszyn, as well as communes: Cegłów, Chróścice, Dębe Wielkie, Glinianka, Iwowe, Jakubów, Kołbiel, Kuflew, Latowicz, Ładzyń, Łukówiec, Mińsk, Rudzienko (near Dobre), Siennica and Stanisławów. A few months before the outbreak of the Second World War, the Minister of Internal Affairs, by decree of April 28, 1939, abolished the rural commune of Czarnogłów and Ładzyń and decreased the number of communes to 17, which included two town communes (Mińsk Mazowiecki and Kałuszyn) and 15 rural communes (Cegłów, Chróścice – with administration headquarters in Kałuszyn, Dembe (today - Dębe Wielkie) – with administration headquarters in Pustelnik, Glinianka, Iwowe, Jakubów, Jeruzal, Kołbiel, Kuflew - with administration headquarters in Wola Rafałowska, Latowicz, Mińsk Mazowiecki - with administration headquarters in the city of Mińsk Mazowiecki, Rudzienko - with administration headquarters in w Dobre, Siennica, Stanisławów and Wielgolas).

During the Second World War, Mińsk County belonged to the Warsaw district. After the war, its pre-war administrative structure was reestablished. Mińsk Mazowiecki, together with the county, once again belonged to the Warsaw Voivodeship. It survived until 1975 with modifications (in 1954 communes were abolished and smaller gromadas took their place). In 1968 Mińskomazowiecki county included 23 gromadas: Cegłów, Dębe Wielkie, Dobre, Grodzisk, Groszki Nowe, Iwowe, Jakubów, Jeruzal, Kałuszyn, Kuflew, Latowicz, Ładzyń, Mińsk Mazowiecki, Mrozy, Pustelnik, Rudzienko near Dobre, Rudzienko near Kołbiela, Siennica, Sołki, Stanisławów, Stojadła, Wielgolas and Wiśniew. In 1973, the division into communes was restored, and since 1973, the administrative headquarters of Mińsk Mazowiecki commune has been the city of Mińsk Mazowiecki.

On June 28, 1975, the Parliament of People’s Republic of Poland introduced the act of two-stage administrative division of the country, under which county administrative units were abolished. 49 voivodeships were established, including Siedleckie voivodeship, to which Mińsk Mazowiecki and Kałuszyn was adjoined, together with the communes of: Cegłów, Dębe Wielkie, Dobre, Jakubów, Kałuszyn, Kołbiel, Latowicz, Mińsk Mazowiecki, Mrozy, Siennica and Stanisławów. In 1990, institutions of local territorial authority were reestablished and regional offices of national administration were created. The Regional Office in Mińsk Mazowiecki covered the city of Mińsk Mazowiecki and 13 communes. (Cegłów, Dębe Wielkie, Dobre, Jakubów Kałuszyn – town and commune, Kołbiel, Latowicz, Mińsk Mazowiecki, Mrozy, Poświętne, Siennica, Stanisławów and Strachówka).

A radical change in the administrative division was introduced at the end of the 20th century. On January 1, 1999 (as a result of the national administration reform), Mińsk county returned to the administrative map of Poland, belonging to the newly established Mazovia Voivodeship. The new Mińsk county did not include communes of: Kołbiel, Poświętne and Strachówka, but obtained communes of: Halinów, Sulejówek and Wesoła. For a short period of January 1,2002 to October 27, 2002, the communes of Sulejówek and Wesoła belonged to the Warsaw commune. After the local election of October 27, 2002, Sulejówek returned to Mińsk county, while Wesoła became a district of the city of Warsaw.